ABSTRACT
Being an economical and nutritional crop, Capsicum appeases people’s peppery taste and is found to bewidely distributed all over the world having vast diversity. In the present study, genetic polymorphism, cross transferability (CT) and genetic diversity were examined among the 54 different accessions of Capsicum species including 49 of Capsicum annuum, three of C. baccatum and two of C. frutescens, using a set of 36 start codon targeted (SCoT) primers. Of the total, 35 SCoT markers showed successful amplification profile among chilli germplasms and an average primer polymorphism was reported as 81.52% which ranged from 50% (SCoT-6) to 100% (SCoT-11). A total of 365 amplicons were obtained with an average of 10.43 bands per primer and the length of the bands ranged from 150 bp to 1.2 kb. Further, polymorphic information content value of SCoT markers ranged from 0.42 (for SCoT-25) to 0.86 (SCoT-27) with an average of 0.78. The average value of CT of SCoT markers was 44.08% ranged from 14.25% to 57.26% among different chilli accessions. A dendrogram was constructed and established genetic relationship among 54 capsicum species, with the help of translation initiation codon polymorphisms or SCoT primer amplification. This study suggests the effectiveness of SCoT marker system for characterizing and assessing genetic diversity of Capsicum germplasm, which can be used for evolutionary studies and to identify agronomically important traits.
ABSTRACT
There are 106 bones in hands and feet but their lesions are not commonly reported. This was a retrospective study of all osteolytic lesions involving bones of the hands or feet presenting to the only tertiary referral centre of the north Indian state of Uttarakhand during the 7-year period from January 2006 to December 2012. A compilation of the various demographic, clinical, radiological and histopathological findings was made. Of the 52 lesions encountered in the 7-year record, 75% were asymptomatic. 20 (38.4%) were benign tumours, 20 (38.4%) tumour-like lesions, 9 (17.3%) inflammatory and post traumatic lesions and only 3 (5.7%) were malignant lesions. Giant cell tumour was the most common benign tumour, aneurysmal bone cyst the most common tumour-like lesion and non-specific osteomyelitis was the most common inflammatory and post-traumatic pathology. All phalangeal lesions were non-malignant and 62% were either giant cell tumours or giant cell reactions. Giant cell reaction was confined to upper limb bones; metatarsals were afflicted exclusively with giant cell tumours (n=3) while malignant lesions affected the metacarpals in two and carpal bones in one instance. Aneurysmal bone cysts were seen exclusively in the tarsal (n=4) and carpal bones (n=2), a very rare finding. More cases need to be studied to define patterns of lesions of hands and feet. The definitive diagnosis is essential as many patients with osteolytic lesions may not require surgical intervention.